Dermatologist-Recommended Dandruff Shampoos | As Seen in CNN Underscored

The right shampoo can make a major difference when it comes to controlling dandruff and calming your scalp. From antifungal formulas to gentle exfoliating options, choosing the right dandruff shampoo can help reduce flakes, itch, and irritation at the source. Check out Dr. Mona Foad’s top picks if you’re struggling with dandruff, featured in CNN Underscored’s article.

What are some typical causes of dandruff? 

Dandruff is very common, and in most cases, it’s related to an overgrowth of a naturally occurring yeast on the scalp called Malassezia. This yeast lives on everyone’s skin, but in some people, it can trigger irritation, leading to flaking and itching. Oil production also plays a role, since a more oily scalp creates an environment where this yeast can thrive. In some cases, conditions like seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis can look similar and contribute to flaking as well. Dandruff can show up a little differently depending on hair type. With finer hair, flakes are often more visible on the scalp or shoulders. With thicker or more textured hair, patients may notice more buildup, scaling, or itch along the scalp rather than visible shedding. But underneath it all, the cause is usually the same: inflammation from an imbalance in the scalp environment.

What kinds of ingredients can help treat dandruff?

When choosing a dandruff shampoo, I usually recommend looking for ingredients that target both the cause and the symptoms. Ingredients like zinc pyrithione and ketoconazole help reduce the yeast on the scalp, which is often the root of the issue. Selenium sulfide can also be helpful, especially for oilier scalps, because it works on both oil production and yeast activity. If someone is dealing with more buildup or scaling, salicylic acid can be a good option. It helps gently exfoliate the scalp and loosen flakes so they can be washed away more easily. The key is finding something that treats the dandruff effectively but is still gentle enough for your scalp, so you can use it consistently without causing dryness or irritation.

How often should you be washing your hair if you’re trying to treat dandruff? 

When you’re actively treating dandruff, regular washing is important. For most people, that means washing every other day or a few times a week, depending on your hair type and how your scalp responds. I always recommend letting the shampoo sit on the scalp for a few minutes before rinsing, so the active ingredients have time to work. With consistent use, many people start to see improvement within about two to four weeks. If it’s not getting better after that, it may be a sign that you need a different treatment approach or something a bit stronger and you may need to see a dermatologist for a prescription. 

Do you need to use a dandruff shampoo long-term or just until the dandruff subsides?

Dandruff tends to be something that comes and goes rather than something that disappears completely. Once it’s under control, many patients can switch to a maintenance routine, like using a medicated shampoo once a week and a regular gentle shampoo in between. If you stop treatment altogether, it’s very common for dandruff to return, especially if the underlying factors are still present. So the goal is really to find a routine that keeps the scalp balanced over time.

What kinds of things can make dandruff worse? 

There are a few common things that can make dandruff worse. Going too long between washes, product buildup, and excess oil on the scalp can all contribute. Certain products can also be irritating, especially heavily fragranced formulas or very harsh shampoos that strip the scalp. That can sometimes create a cycle where the scalp becomes irritated and produces even more oil. I also advise being cautious with heavy oils or thick styling products directly on the scalp when dandruff is active, since they can contribute to buildup. Environmental factors like colder, drier weather and even stress can also play a role in flare-ups, so it’s often a combination of factors.

What are your recommendations for the best dandruff shampoos?

Nizoral A-D Anti-Dandruff Shampoo (Ketoconazole 1%): This is one of my go-to recommendations for more stubborn dandruff because it directly targets the yeast component. It’s clinically proven and often works well when other over-the-counter options haven’t been enough. There is also a stronger 2% shampoo that  your dermatologist can write a prescription for. 

Head & Shoulders Clinical Strength Dandruff Defense: A very accessible option that works especially well for oilier scalps. It helps reduce flaking and itching while also addressing excess oil.

Dove DermaCare Scalp Anti-Dandruff Shampoo: This is a gentle, hydrating formula that’s great for patients who need dandruff control but are also prone to dryness or sensitivity.

Neutrogena T/Sal Therapeutic Shampoo: I often recommend this for patients with more buildup or scaling. It helps lift flakes effectively, though it’s best paired with a moisturizing conditioner to keep the scalp balanced.