Long-term Shingles: Prevent and Treat | As Seen in Glamour

Shingles can leave long-term effects on your skin, ranging from changes in the overall texture to hyperpigmentation. Using the right products and treatment practices, can decrease the amount of discoloration and patches. Dr. Alexandra Bowles thoroughly provides the best tips and tricks, as well as product recommendation to protect your skin throughout its natural healing process, featured in Glamour.

What is the typical timeline and progression of a shingles rash?

Shingles typically follows a fairly predictable progression, although it can vary somewhat from person to person. It often starts with a tingling, burning, or sensitive feeling in a specific area of the skin, usually on one side of the body. Within a few days, a red rash begins to appear, followed by clusters of small, fluid-filled blisters. These blisters can become painful and may continue to develop over several days before they eventually begin to dry out and form scabs. Over time, the scabs heal, although the skin may still appear discolored or sensitive for a period afterward. I usually think of it as moving from nerve-related symptoms to visible skin changes and then into a healing phase.

While progression is often similar, it doesn’t look exactly the same for everyone. Some people may have a milder rash, while others experience more extensive blistering or discomfort. Catching shingles early is important because starting antiviral treatment can help reduce inflammation and limit how severe the rash becomes. From a skin perspective, this can lower the risk of prolonged discoloration, scarring, and ongoing sensitivity. I usually emphasize that earlier treatment tends to lead to better overall outcomes, both for the skin and for symptom control.

What are the possible short and long-term risks from an episode of shingles?

In the short term, shingles can cause significant inflammation, redness, and discomfort in the affected area. As the skin heals, some patients may experience post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation or changes in skin tone. This is particularly seen if the rash was more severe. In some cases, there can also be textural changes or mild scarring, especially if the blisters were disrupted. One of the more well-known long-term complications is postherpetic neuralgia, which involves lingering nerve pain even after the skin has healed. I also see patients who notice ongoing sensitivity or dryness in the affected area. The degree of these changes can vary depending on how early the condition is treated and how the skin is cared for during the healing process.

Furthermore, if an individual were to get a secondary bacterial infection from a shingles rash, it could increase the risk of both scarring and long-term discoloration. When the skin barrier becomes more disrupted and inflamed, there is a greater chance of deeper skin injury. As a result, it can make post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, or textural scarring more noticeable and difficult to treat. From a medical standpoint, bacterial infections are important because they can worsen pain, delay healing, and occasionally require antibiotics. That’s one reason why I emphasize avoiding picking or scratching the area and keeping the skin clean during healing.

What are the best practices for maintaining the health of your skin during each phase?

During the early tingling phase, the most important step is seeking medical evaluation, as antiviral treatment can help reduce the severity and duration of the outbreak. Once the rash appears, I usually recommend keeping the area clean, avoiding friction, and using gentle, non-irritating skincare. During the blister phase, it’s important not to pick or pop the lesions, as this can increase the risk of infection and scarring. As the skin begins to scab and heal, keeping the area lightly moisturized can help support the skin barrier. Sun protection is also very important once the rash has healed, since the skin can be more prone to discoloration at that stage. Overall, gentle care and avoiding unnecessary irritation are key throughout the process.

What are common, but avoidable mistakes people make dealing with long-term shingles?

One of the most common mistakes is picking or scratching the affected area, which can increase the risk of infection and scarring. I also see patients use overly harsh products or try to “treat” the rash with strong active ingredients, which can further irritate already inflamed skin. Another issue is not keeping the area clean and protected, especially if blisters are present. It’s also important to avoid excessive sun exposure during healing, as this can worsen discoloration. In general, I recommend keeping the routine simple and focused on supporting the skin rather than aggressively treating it.

Are there specific products, ingredients, or items recommended during a shingles outbreak?

I usually recommend focusing on gentle, soothing products that support the skin barrier during an outbreak. A simple, fragrance-free moisturizer can be very helpful, especially as the skin begins to dry out or scab. For example, I often suggest something like CeraVe Moisturizing Cream because it contains ceramides and hydrating ingredients that help maintain the skin barrier without adding unnecessary irritation. For cleansing, I recommend using a very gentle, non-stripping cleanser that won’t disrupt the skin while it’s healing. A product like Vanicream Gentle Facial Cleanser is a good option because it effectively removes debris on sensitive or inflamed skin. Adding on, it can be used on both the face and body due to its mild and non-irritating composition. For larger body areas, I recommend gentle fragrance-free body washes such as Dove Sensitive Skin Body Wash or Vanicream Body Wash.

In addition to basic skincare, cool compresses can help relieve discomfort during more active stages of the rash. I also recommend avoiding strong active ingredients such as exfoliants or retinoids until the skin has fully recovered. The goal is to keep the routine simple and supportive while the skin heals. The recommendations to avoid harsh active ingredients such as retinoids, exfoliating acids, or scrubs apply specifically to the area affected by shingles. If someone has shingles on their back, for example, there is generally no reason they cannot continue using their normal skincare routine on unaffected areas like the face, assuming the skin there is otherwise healthy and tolerating those products well.

What advice is there for individuals with more melanated or fair skin?

While shingles is often described as causing a “red” rash, the appearance can vary significantly depending on skin tone. In lighter skin tones, the rash may appear bright red or pink, while in deeper skin tones it can look more violaceous, grayish, dark brown, or subtly inflamed rather than obviously red. That variation is important because shingles can sometimes be more difficult to recognize early in more melanated skin if people are only expecting a classic bright red appearance.

For individuals with more melanated skin, I pay particular attention to the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, which can persist after the rash has healed. I usually emphasize strict sun protection and gentle skincare to help minimize long-term discoloration. For those with very fair skin, redness and irritation may be more visible, and the skin can be more prone to sensitivity during healing. In both cases, avoiding picking, minimizing irritation, and supporting the skin barrier are key. I also remind patients that healing can take time, and gradual improvement is expected. Tailoring care to the individual’s skin type can help improve overall outcomes.

How do you deal specifically with the hyper- and hypo- pigmentation from long-term shingles?

Hypopigmentation after shingles is often related to inflammation disrupting normal pigment production during healing. In many cases, some repigmentation can gradually occur over time, although it may take several months. I usually recommend focusing on gentle skincare, avoiding additional irritation, and maintaining good sun protection while the skin recovers. If pigment changes are persistent, it’s reasonable to see a dermatologist. There you can discuss whether treatments such as topical anti-inflammatory medications, light-based therapies, or other targeted approaches may be appropriate.

Additionally, SPF is especially important to minimize and prevent worsening of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. It can also be helpful towards the overall healing process. UV exposure can make uneven pigmentation more noticeable in general. While sunscreen will not directly “fix” hypopigmentation, reduced sun exposure can help decrease contrast between lighter and surrounding skin of long-term shingles.

What type of scarring appears during healing, and how do you treat them?

The most common changes I see after shingles are post-inflammatory pigmentation changes and mild textural irregularities.. Some patients can develop shallow atrophic scarring if the inflammation was deeper, the lesions were picked at, or became secondarily infected. In certain cases, especially with prolonged inflammation, there can also be persistent discoloration or areas of altered skin texture.

Many of the same recommendations mentioned above are important for minimizing scarring. More specifically, avoiding picking, minimizing friction, gentle moisturizers, and protecting the area from sun exposure. Sunscreen is especially helpful for reducing worsening pigmentation changes associated with scars and helping scars heal with less noticeable discoloration. It is particularly important for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, although it will not necessarily change scar texture itself. Preventing additional inflammation during healing is one of the biggest factors in reducing more noticeable scarring overall.

What are in-office treatments for stubborn discoloration and scars?

Treatment really depends on whether the primary issue is pigmentation, redness, or textural scarring, as well as the patient’s skin tone and sensitivity. For persistent hyperpigmentation, I may consider topical lightening agents, chemical peels, or certain lasers. However, caution is important in more melanated skin tones because aggressive treatments can worsen pigmentation. For redness, vascular lasers may sometimes help. For textural scarring, treatments such as microneedling, fractional laser resurfacing, or radiofrequency-based procedures can sometimes improve skin texture over time. I usually recommend a personalized approach because the safest and most effective treatment can vary significantly. This depends on the patient’s skin type, healing pattern, and the severity of the residual changes.

What are signals that the skin barrier is healed?

In general, I consider the skin barrier more fully healed once there are no longer any open lesions, crusting, active blisters, or significant tenderness in the area. The skin should feel more intact and less reactive overall. If the area is still stinging easily, irritated with simple products, or showing active inflammation, I usually recommend continuing a gentle, barrier-focused approach.

The Best Affordable and Dermatologist-Approved Retinol Products | As Seen in Real Simple

Dr. Mona Foad shares favorite, yet affordable, retinol products. Learn why each is recommended specifically for anti-aging and discover which type is best suited to your skin. Read more in Real Simple’s article, all about retinoids.

What are your top recommended retinols for someone on a budget?

Avène Retrinal Intensive Multi-Corrective Cream (Retinaldehyde 0.1%)

This is a great 3 in 1 product for anyone with sensitive skin who wants to start using a retinol. The ingredients include bakuchiol, a more gentle plant based alternative that helps with fine lines and skin firmness. It also contains niacinamide that helps to calm inflammation, and hyaluronic acid that builds hydration and radiance in your skin. This is also a great starter that allows your skin to adjust before jumping into a stronger, more irritating product.

SkinMedica Retinol 0.25 Complex

This is another great product for someone who wants to start using retinols and is concerned about dryness and irritation. This will help to decrease fine lines, smooth texture and even skin tone. Once you can tolerate daily, you can increase the strength and go to the retinol 0.5. This product uses retinol as well as antioxidants to improve overall skin health.

RoC Retinol Correxion Wrinkle Filler with Hyaluronic Acid & Retinol

This is a more approachable option that combines a lower-strength retinol with hydrating ingredients like hyaluronic acid, which can help soften the appearance of fine lines while also supporting the skin barrier. It works over time to stimulate collagen and improve skin texture, while hyaluronic acid provides more immediate plumping, so you’re getting both short- and long-term benefits. I often recommend formulas like this for patients who are newer to retinol or looking for something they can use more consistently with less irritation. It can be incorporated into a simple nighttime routine, ideally starting a few nights per week and increasing as tolerated. As with any retinol, daily sunscreen is important to protect the skin and maintain results.

Neutrogena Rapid Tone Repair Retinol + Vitamin C Moisturizer

This is a well-balanced option that combines retinol with vitamin C, which allows you to address both fine lines and uneven skin tone at the same time. Retinol works to stimulate collagen and improve texture, while vitamin C helps brighten the skin and reduce the appearance of dark spots, so it’s a good choice for patients focused on overall tone correction. The addition of hydrating ingredients helps make it more tolerable for regular use compared to stronger, standalone products. I often recommend this type of formula for patients who want a more streamlined routine without layering multiple active products. As with any others, it’s important to introduce it gradually and use sunscreen daily to protect the skin and maintain results.

Why Your Scalp Gets So Oily & How to Help | As Seen in HuffPost

An oily scalp can feel frustrating, especially when your hair looks greasy just hours after washing. Dr. Mona Foad, featured in HuffPost, explains what actually drives excess oil production on the scalp, which ingredients and products help rebalance it, and the simple habit changes that can make a real difference. Whether you’re dealing with genetics, hormones, or the wrong hair care routine, here’s what to do about it.

Are there certain factors that cause an excessively oily scalp or make someone more prone to oily hair?

The scalp naturally produces oil, known as sebum. This oil is essential for maintaining healthy, hydrated hair and protecting the skin’s barrier. A balanced amount keeps the scalp comfortable and adds shine and flexibility to the hair.

However, when oil production becomes excessive, it can cause problems. Greasy, flat hair shortly after washing is a common sign. Some people also experience scalp irritation or breakouts around the hairline.

Genetics plays a major role. Some people naturally have more active oil glands. Hormonal fluctuations during puberty, pregnancy, or periods of stress can further increase oil output. Conditions like dandruff, eczema, or psoriasis may also contribute. Overwashing or using harsh hair products can strip the scalp, causing it to produce even more oil to compensate.

What are some products you recommend for an oily scalp?

An oily scalp that feels greasy even after washing can benefit from rebalancing products. The key is finding something that controls oil without over-drying the skin.

Look for shampoos that contain salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide, or ketoconazole. These ingredients help exfoliate the scalp, reduce buildup, and calm inflammation linked to excess sebum.

The Neutrogena Healthy Scalp Clarify & Shine Shampoo is a great option. It uses gentle exfoliants to lift away residue and balance oil while keeping hair lightweight and shiny. The Living Proof Clarifying Detox Shampoo is another excellent choice. It removes excess oil and product buildup without stripping the scalp’s natural moisture barrier.

In between washes, reach for a dry shampoo with rice starch or kaolin clay. These ingredients absorb surface oil and keep hair feeling fresh. The goal isn’t to eliminate all oil — it’s to maintain a clean, balanced scalp that supports healthy hair.

For those with seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis, a tar shampoo like TGel or a prescription ketoconazole shampoo may be worth considering.

Are there other things someone can be doing to prevent an overly oily scalp?

Yes. Simple adjustments to your hair care habits can make a big difference.

Start with washing frequency. Some people do well shampooing daily with a gentle, pH-balanced cleanser. Others may need to wash less often to avoid overstimulating oil production. It varies from person to person.

When you do wash, focus on the scalp rather than the length of the hair. Use your fingertips — not your nails — to avoid irritation. Apply conditioner only to the mid-lengths and ends. Putting it near the scalp can weigh hair down and make it look greasier.

Product choice matters too. Look for lightweight, silicone-free formulas designed for oily scalps. Ingredients like salicylic acid, tea tree oil, and green tea extract help balance oil and calm inflammation.

Heat styling can contribute to oil buildup over time. Air-drying when possible is a good habit. Keeping brushes and styling tools clean also helps maintain a fresher, healthier scalp.

How to Remove Makeup the Right Way | As Seen in Today

Removing your makeup at the end of the day is one of the simplest things you can do for your skin, but most people aren’t doing it quite right. Dr. Mona Foad, featured in Today, shares her top makeup remover picks, the double cleanse method she recommends to patients, and what to look for in a formula that cleans thoroughly without stripping the skin. Whether you wear light everyday makeup or full-coverage long-wear formulas, here’s how to do it properly.

How does makeup remover work?

Makeup removers are designed to dissolve and lift away the ingredients in makeup, which often include oils, pigments, and waxes. Oil-based products are particularly effective because they bind to those components and break them down gently. Micellar waters work a bit differently, using cleansing molecules that attract and lift debris from the skin. When used correctly, these products allow you to remove makeup without disrupting the skin’s natural barrier, which is key for maintaining healthy skin.

What are the main types of makeup remover?

There are several options, including micellar waters, cleansing oils, balms, and wipes. I tend to favor cleansing oils or balms because they are very effective at removing makeup while still being gentle on the skin. Micellar water can be a great option for lighter makeup or as a first step in a double cleanse. I generally advise against relying too heavily on wipes, as they can be more irritating over time. The best approach is one that removes makeup thoroughly while still supporting the skin’s natural balance.

What steps do you recommend for proper makeup removal?

When it comes to makeup removal, I always encourage a gentle but thorough approach. I like the double cleanse approach which uses to start with a product that breaks down makeup, such as an oil based cleanser, cleansing balm or micellar water, followed with a second water based cleanser to fully remove any residue. This helps ensure the skin is truly clean without needing to scrub or over-exfoliate. I also remind patients to be especially gentle around the eye area, where the skin is more delicate. Taking that extra time in the evening really helps support the skin’s overall health and can make a noticeable difference over time.

What are the best ingredients to look for in a makeup remover?

I like to focus on ingredients that are both effective and supportive of the skin. Hydrating ingredients like glycerin and soothing components like ceramides can help maintain the skin barrier during cleansing. I also recommend looking for fragrance-free formulations, particularly for patients with sensitive skin. In general, makeup removal should feel like a gentle extension of your skincare routine, not something harsh or stripping.

What’s the best type of product to remove waterproof makeup?

For waterproof makeup, I usually recommend a cleansing balm or a bi-phase oil-based remover. These formulas are designed to gently dissolve long-wearing products without requiring excessive rubbing. Around the eyes, I suggest pressing the product onto the area for a few seconds before wiping it away. That small step can help minimize irritation and protect the delicate skin around the eyes.

What are some make-up removers that you recommend?

I often recommend La Roche-Posay Toleriane Dermo-Cleanser, especially for patients with sensitive or reactive skin. It’s very gentle and does a beautiful job of removing makeup while still supporting the skin barrier, which is something I always prioritize. It’s also a great option for people who want a simple, soothing product that doesn’t overwhelm the skin. For those who wear heavier or long-wear makeup, I also like Clinique Take The Day Off Cleansing Balm. It melts into the skin and breaks down makeup very effectively, even waterproof formulas, without leaving the skin feeling stripped. I find it’s especially helpful for patients who want something that feels both effective and nourishing. In addition, for sensitive skin, For people who like to double cleanse, I like Avene’s Xeracalm Cleansing Oil which is an effective and gentle oil based cleanser followed by Cerave Hydrating Cream to Foam cleanser.

SPF Head to Toe: A Dermatologist’s Guide to Body Sunscreen | As Seen in InStyle

Most of us have mastered the face SPF routine, but the neck, chest, hands, and arms are just as vulnerable to sun damage and skin cancer as the face. Dr. Mona Foad, featured in InStyle, shares her expert guidance on daily body sunscreen, including how much SPF you actually need, the most common application mistakes people make, and which body sunscreens are worth your money. Whether you’re looking for an everyday formula or something built for a full day in the sun, here’s what to know before you buy.

Should we wear body sunscreen every day?

Yes, if parts of the body are exposed daily, sunscreen there matters too. People tend to be consistent about applying sunscreen to the face, which is great. But, areas like the neck, chest, ears, hands, and arms are often exposed to UV rays on a regular basis. For the average person, I would say daily body sunscreen is most important on the areas that are routinely uncovered. You don’t need to apply body sunscreen every single day if most of your body is covered by clothing. But, any exposed skin deserves the same attention we give the face. In that sense, it is absolutely an important part of a daily routine, not only for preventing premature aging, but also for helping reduce the risk of skin cancer.

How much SPF and what PA rating would you recommend for daily wear?

For daily wear, I generally recommend using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30. That level provides good everyday protection for most people when applied properly. If you are spending extended time outdoors, such as at the beach, a music festival, or any event where you are in direct sunlight for hours, I would suggest SPF 50 or higher, and more importantly, make sure to reapply every 2-3 hours since the protective effect wears off over that time.

When it comes to PA rating, which reflects UVA protection, I recommend choosing PA+++ or higher. Especially for people concerned about hyperpigmentation, melasma, or photoaging. UVA rays contribute significantly to long-term skin damage and can pass through clouds and windows, including your car window. The most important thing is not just the number on the label, but also making sure the sunscreen is broad-spectrum and water-resistant when needed. I always prefer to have a sunscreen with zinc oxide as an ingredient because zinc oxide is the best at covering both UVB and UVA rays. Also, always remember, UVB rays are what we call Burning rays, while UVA are what we call Aging rays because they go deeper in the skin and can cause more long term damage.

Do you have any tips for sunscreen application?

One of the biggest issues I see is that people don’t apply enough sunscreen and don’t re-appply. For the face alone, a helpful guideline is about two finger lengths of product, and for the body, most adults need about one ounce, roughly a shot-glass amount, to fully cover exposed skin. It is also important to apply sunscreen before sun exposure rather than after you are already outside, and to remember commonly missed areas like the ears, neck, chest, scalp part, tops of the feet, and backs of the hands.

If you are spending time outdoors, sunscreen should be reapplied every two hours, and sooner if you are swimming or sweating. I also remind patients that sunscreen works best as part of a broader sun-protection strategy. Hats, sunglasses, protective clothing, and seeking shade when possible all add meaningful protection. Sunscreen is essential, but it should not be the only measure you rely on.

What are some of your recommendations?

Supergoop Unseen Sunscreen Body – This stands out for its lightweight, invisible finish, which can make daily body sunscreen feel more wearable, especially for people who dislike heavier or greasy formulas.

La Roche Posay Anthelios Melt-In Milk Sunscreen – This is a sunscreen I generally view very favorably. La Roche-Posay tends to do an excellent job with formulations for sensitive skin. This one offers broad-spectrum protection and has a moisturizing feel. It is a good choice for daily wear, especially for those with drier or more reactive skin.

Elta MD UV Sport Sunscreen Lotion – EltaMD is a brand many dermatologists trust. This is a solid choice for people who are active or outdoors for long periods. It offers higher SPF protection and is designed to hold up well with sweat and activity. It is practical, dependable, and well-suited for sports or long outdoor days.

Cerave Hydrating Mineral Sunscreen SPF 50 – This can be a good choice for someone who prefers a mineral sunscreen, especially if they have sensitive skin. CeraVe products often include ingredients that support the skin barrier. That can be helpful for skin that is easily irritated. The downside is that mineral formulas can sometimes feel heavier and may leave a visible cast, depending on skin tone.

Blue Lizard Sensitive Mineral SPF 50 Sunscreen Lotion – This is a good option for sensitive skin, especially for people who prefer mineral sunscreens. It is straightforward, gentle, and less likely to irritate reactive skin. Like many mineral formulas, though, it can feel thicker and may leave a white cast on some skin tones. It is a strong choice for skin sensitivity, but the finish may not appeal to everyone.

A Dermatologist’s Guide to Safe Skincare During Pregnancy | As Seen in Goop

Navigating skincare during pregnancy can feel overwhelming, especially when so many popular ingredients suddenly land on the “avoid” list. Dr. Mona Foad, breaks down exactly which ingredients and devices to skip during pregnancy, what safe alternatives actually work, and how to simplify your routine without sacrificing results, featured in Goop. From retinoid replacements to sunscreen swaps, here’s everything you need to know to keep your skin healthy and protected while pregnant.

How does pregnancy change the way skin behaves — and how does it affect the way your skin absorbs topical ingredients?

Pregnancy can change the way the skin behaves in several ways because of hormonal shifts. Many patients notice increased oil production, changes in pigmentation, or heightened skin sensitivity during this time. The skin barrier can also become more reactive, which means products that were previously well tolerated may suddenly feel irritating. While the skin still functions as an effective barrier, dermatologists tend to be more cautious with certain ingredients during pregnancy. Even though systemic absorption from topical products is usually minimal, we try to minimize exposure to ingredients that may carry theoretical risks. For that reason, I typically recommend simplifying skincare routines and focusing on gentle, well-studied ingredients during pregnancy.

Why are vitamin A derivatives (retinoids) generally discouraged?

Dermatologists typically advise against retinoids during pregnancy largely because of what we know about oral isotretinoin, which causes birth defects when taken systemically. Because topical retinoids are also vitamin A derivatives, there has historically been concern about the possibility of systemic absorption, even though the amount absorbed through the skin is generally very small. Out of an abundance of caution, most dermatologists recommend discontinuing topical retinoids such as retinol, tretinoin, and adapalene during pregnancy. The safety data in pregnant patients is limited, so we prefer to err on the side of safety. Fortunately, there are several alternative ingredients that can help address common concerns like acne or uneven tone during this time.

Which alternative ingredient(s) do you recommend in place of retinoids, and why?

There are several ingredients that can serve as helpful alternatives to retinoids during pregnancy. One that I frequently recommend is azelaic acid, which can help address both acne and pigmentation while also calming inflammation. It’s generally well tolerated and has a strong safety profile. Niacinamide is another excellent option because it supports the skin barrier, helps regulate oil production, and can reduce redness. Some patients may also benefit from gentle exfoliating acids, such as lactic acid, but I would stay under 10%.. During pregnancy, I usually encourage patients to focus on maintaining a healthy skin barrier rather than aggressively targeting multiple concerns at once. A simplified routine that supports hydration and skin balance can often go a long way.

What ingredients are safe and effective for managing breakouts during pregnancy?

Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy often lead to increased oil production, which can contribute to breakouts. Topical prescription Erythromycin and metronidazole are category B in pregnancy. They are considered safe to use if needed for break outs in pregnancy. Azelaic acid is also a preferred ingredient in these cases because it helps reduce inflammation, unclog pores, and improve post-acne discoloration. Gentle exfoliating acids, such as glycolic acid or lactic acid, can also help prevent pore congestion and improve overall skin texture. Niacinamide can be very beneficial, since it helps balance oil production while calming redness and supporting the skin barrier. Overall, the goal during pregnancy is to use consistent but gentle treatments that support the skin’s natural balance rather than relying on stronger acne medications.

During pregnancy, should you switch to a mineral sunscreen?

During pregnancy, many dermatologists recommend mineral sunscreens that contain zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. These ingredients sit on the surface of the skin and physically reflect UV rays rather than absorbing into it. While chemical sunscreens carry a strong safety record, many patients prefer mineral formulas during pregnancy because they offer an extra level of reassurance and sensitive skin tends to tolerate them better. Mineral sunscreens also offer excellent broad-spectrum protection against both UVA and UVB rays. Daily sun protection is particularly important during pregnancy because hormonal changes can increase the risk of hyperpigmentation.

Everything You Need to Know About Hypochlorous Acid Sprays

Hypochlorous acid has quietly become one of the most talked-about ingredients in skincare, and for good reason. Dr. Alexandra Bowles, breaks down what this ingredient actually does, who should be using it, and which hypochlorous acid sprays are worth it in Byrdie’s article.

What is hypochlorous acid?

Hypochlorous acid is a substance that is naturally produced by the body’s white blood cells as part of the immune response. In skin care, it’s used for its gentle antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. I think of it as a helpful ingredient for calming the skin while also reducing the presence of bacteria on the surface. It’s especially appealing because it tends to be well tolerated, even by individuals with sensitive or reactive skin. In the right formulation, it can be a very useful addition to a simple skincare routine.

Why do you think it’s so popular in skincare right now?

I think hypochlorous acid has become so popular because people are looking for products that are effective but still gentle on the skin barrier. Many patients are dealing with irritation, breakouts, or sensitivity from overcomplicated routines, so an ingredient like this feels very approachable. It’s also versatile, which adds to the appeal. It can be used after workouts, during acne flares, or when the skin feels inflamed or reactive. I also think social media has helped drive interest, especially as more people look for multi-purpose products that are easy to incorporate into daily use.

Why is it a good ingredient to use in a facial spray?

Hypochlorous acid works particularly well in a facial spray because it’s lightweight, easy to apply, and can be used without disrupting the rest of a skincare routine. I find it beneficial because it can help calm redness, reduce bacteria on the skin, and support the skin when it feels irritated or inflamed. It’s often helpful for acne-prone, sensitive, or reactive skin that feels reactive after treatments, exercise, or heat exposure. A spray format also makes it convenient for reapplication throughout the day. For many patients, it’s a simple way to support the skin without adding something heavy or overly active.

What kinds of things should you look for when buying a hypochlorous acid face spray?

When choosing a hypochlorous acid face spray, I recommend looking for a simple formula with minimal added ingredients. The more straightforward the formulation, the less likely it is to cause irritation, especially for sensitive skin. It’s also helpful to choose a packaging product that helps maintain the formula’s stability, since hypochlorous acid can be somewhat delicate. I would generally avoid products with a lot of fragrance or unnecessary botanical additives. In most cases, a well-formulated spray should feel gentle, non-sticky, and easy to use consistently.

What’s the best way to use a hypochlorous acid face spray?

The best way to use a hypochlorous acid spray depends a little on your skin concerns, but in general, it works well on clean skin before the rest of your routine. I usually recommend misting it onto the face and allowing it to dry before applying other products. It can also be used throughout the day if the skin feels irritated, sweaty, or prone to breakouts. Some patients like using it after workouts or after wearing a mask for long periods. Because it’s so gentle, it’s easy to incorporate without making a routine feel complicated.

Are there any side effects of hypochlorous acid?

Hypochlorous acid is generally very well tolerated, which is one of the reasons it has become so popular. Most people do not experience significant side effects when using it as directed. In some cases, individuals with very sensitive or compromised skin may notice mild stinging, especially if the skin barrier is already disrupted. That’s why I still recommend introducing any new product thoughtfully and paying attention to how the skin responds. Overall, it’s considered a low-risk ingredient for most skin types.

Who should consider using one of these sprays?

These sprays can be a good option for a wide range of people, especially those with acne-prone, sensitive, or easily irritated skin. I often think of them as helpful for patients who want something calming and low-maintenance. They can also be useful after exercise, during hot weather, or anytime the skin feels inflamed or congested. For people recovering from certain treatments or dealing with mild redness, hypochlorous acid can offer a gentle layer of support. It’s not necessarily something everyone must use, but it can be a very practical addition for the right person.

Dr. Bowles’ Recommendations:

Tower 28 SOS Daily Hypochlorous Acid Spray:

This is probably one of the most recognizable hypochlorous acid sprays right now, and I can understand why it has become so popular. It’s simple, gentle, and tends to work well for skin that is sensitive, reactive, or prone to redness. I think it’s a particularly nice option for patients who want something calming they can reach for throughout the day.

PanOxyl Hypochlorous Acid Antimicrobial Purifying Mist:

PanOxyl already dominates the acne-focused skincare space, so this mist will likely resonate with patients dealing with breakouts or congestion. I think it makes sense for someone who wants a lightweight, easy-to-use product that helps calm the skin while also fitting into an acne-prone routine. It’s a nice option for people who prefer functional, no-fuss skincare.

Magic Molecule Hypochlorous Acid Spray:

This product has become highly visible in the hypochlorous acid category, and I think part of that is due to its versatility. It’s the kind of spray that can work well for patients who want to keep their routine minimal while still supporting irritated or inflamed skin. I find these simple, multi-use formulations especially helpful for people who tend to overdo their skincare and need to scale things back.

Medicube Hypochlorous Acid Daily Facial Mist:

This seems like a product that would appeal to someone who enjoys a more skincare-forward mist but still wants the benefits of hypochlorous acid. As with any of these sprays, I think the most important factors are whether the formula is stable, gentle, and easy to use consistently. A mist like this can be a convenient addition to a daily routine, particularly when the skin feels reactive or overheated.

SkinSmart Antimicrobial Facial Cleanser:

This one feels especially practical for patients who want a skin-supportive product to use after sweating, exercise, or heat exposure. It can be helpful for people who are prone to irritation or minor breakouts and want something simple and functional. In general, I like products in this category when they support the skin without making the routine feel overly complicated.

Pipette Skin Rescue Spray:

Pipette has built a reputation for gentle, uncomplicated formulations, and this product is no exception. It could be a good fit for someone with more sensitive skin. It’s gentle enough to use consistently without creating additional irritation.

Dermatologist-Recommended Dandruff Shampoos | As Seen in CNN Underscored

The right shampoo can make a major difference when it comes to controlling dandruff and calming your scalp. From antifungal formulas to gentle exfoliating options, choosing the right dandruff shampoo can help reduce flakes, itch, and irritation at the source. Check out Dr. Mona Foad’s top picks if you’re struggling with dandruff, featured in CNN Underscored’s article.

What are some typical causes of dandruff?

Dandruff is very common, and in most cases, it’s related to an overgrowth of a naturally occurring yeast on the scalp called Malassezia. This yeast lives on everyone’s skin, but in some people, it can trigger irritation, leading to flaking and itching. Oil production also plays a role, since a more oily scalp creates an environment where this yeast can thrive. In some cases, conditions like seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis can look similar and contribute to flaking as well. Dandruff can show up a little differently depending on hair type. With finer hair, flakes are often more visible on the scalp or shoulders. With thicker or more textured hair, patients may notice more buildup, scaling, or itch along the scalp rather than visible shedding. But underneath it all, the cause is usually the same: inflammation from an imbalance in the scalp environment.

What kinds of ingredients can help treat dandruff?

When choosing a dandruff shampoo, I usually recommend looking for ingredients that target both the cause and the symptoms. Ingredients like zinc pyrithione and ketoconazole help reduce the yeast on the scalp, which is often the root of the issue. Selenium sulfide can also be helpful, especially for oilier scalps, because it works on both oil production and yeast activity. If someone is dealing with more buildup or scaling, salicylic acid can be a good option. It helps gently exfoliate the scalp and loosen flakes so they can be washed away more easily. The key is finding something that treats the dandruff effectively but is still gentle enough for your scalp, so you can use it consistently without causing dryness or irritation.

How often should you be washing your hair if you’re trying to treat dandruff?

When you’re actively treating dandruff, regular washing is important. For most people, that means washing every other day or a few times a week, depending on your hair type and how your scalp responds. I always recommend letting the shampoo sit on the scalp for a few minutes before rinsing, so the active ingredients have time to work. With consistent use, many people start to see improvement within about two to four weeks. If it’s not getting better after that, it may be a sign that you need a different treatment approach or something a bit stronger and you may need to see a dermatologist for a prescription.

Do you need to use a dandruff shampoo long-term or just until the dandruff subsides?

Dandruff tends to be something that comes and goes rather than something that disappears completely. Once it’s under control, many patients can switch to a maintenance routine, like using a medicated shampoo once a week and a regular gentle shampoo in between. If you stop treatment altogether, it’s very common for dandruff to return, especially if the underlying factors are still present. So the goal is really to find a routine that keeps the scalp balanced over time.

What kinds of things can make dandruff worse?

There are a few common things that can make dandruff worse. Going too long between washes, product buildup, and excess oil on the scalp can all contribute. Certain products can also be irritating, especially heavily fragranced formulas or very harsh shampoos that strip the scalp. That can sometimes create a cycle where the scalp becomes irritated and produces even more oil. I also advise being cautious with heavy oils or thick styling products directly on the scalp when dandruff is active, since they can contribute to buildup. Environmental factors like colder, drier weather and even stress can also play a role in flare-ups, so it’s often a combination of factors.

What are your recommendations for the best dandruff shampoos?

Nizoral A-D Anti-Dandruff Shampoo (Ketoconazole 1%): This is one of my go-to recommendations for more stubborn dandruff because it directly targets the yeast component. It’s clinically proven and often works well when other over-the-counter options haven’t been enough. There is also a stronger 2% shampoo that your dermatologist can write a prescription for.

Head & Shoulders Clinical Strength Dandruff Defense: A very accessible option that works especially well for oilier scalps. It helps reduce flaking and itching while also addressing excess oil.

Dove DermaCare Scalp Anti-Dandruff Shampoo: This is a gentle, hydrating formula that’s great for patients who need dandruff control but are also prone to dryness or sensitivity.

Neutrogena T/Sal Therapeutic Shampoo: I often recommend this for patients with more buildup or scaling. It helps lift flakes effectively, though it’s best paired with a moisturizing conditioner to keep the scalp balanced.

What Is Body Butter? And Should You Be Using It? | As Seen in Byrdie

If your skin feels persistently dry, tight, or rough, it may be time to upgrade from your everyday lotion to something richer. Dr. Alexandra Bowles, as featured in Byrdie, explains why body butter delivers deeper, longer-lasting hydration than traditional moisturizers, making it a go-to for dry patches, rough elbows, and skin that struggles through colder months. Here’s everything you need to know about what body butter does, how to use it, and whether it belongs in your routine.

What is body butter used for?

Body butter is primarily used to deeply moisturize and protect the skin. These formulas tend to be thicker and more concentrated than traditional lotions, which allows them to provide longer-lasting hydration. I often recommend body butters for patients with dry or rough skin because they help strengthen the skin barrier and lock in moisture. Many also contain nourishing ingredients such as shea butter, cocoa butter, or natural oils that soften the skin and improve overall texture. When used regularly, body butter can help reduce dryness, flaking, and that tight feeling the skin sometimes develops, especially in colder months.

What are the differences between body butter and lotion?

The main difference between body butter and lotion comes down to texture and how much moisture they provide. Lotions are typically lighter and contain more water, which allows them to absorb quickly and feel less heavy on the skin. Body butters are thicker and more concentrated with oils and butters, so they provide deeper and longer-lasting hydration. I usually recommend lotions for everyday use or for people with normal to slightly dry skin. Body butters tend to be more beneficial for individuals with very dry skin or for areas that need extra moisture, such as the elbows, knees, and heels. One is not necessarily better than the other. It really depends on your skin type and what your skin needs at the time.

When is the best time to apply body butter, and how should it be applied?

The best time to apply body butter is typically right after showering or bathing. At that point, the skin is still slightly damp, which helps seal in moisture more effectively. I recommend gently patting the skin dry with a towel and then applying the body butter while the skin still feels hydrated. Because body butter is thicker, a small amount usually goes a long way. Massaging it into the skin in gentle circular motions can also help improve absorption. Applying it consistently after bathing can help maintain smoother, more comfortable skin.

What ingredients should one look for in a body butter? Are there ingredients to avoid?

When choosing a body butter, I suggest looking for nourishing ingredients that support the skin barrier. Shea butter, cocoa butter, and natural oils like jojoba, coconut, or almond oil are all excellent options because they help soften the skin and retain moisture. Ingredients such as glycerin or hyaluronic acid can also be beneficial because they help attract water to the skin. If you have sensitive skin, it may be helpful to look for fragrance-free formulas to reduce the risk of irritation. In general, the goal is to choose products with hydrating and soothing ingredients that help maintain the skin’s natural moisture balance.

How often should one use body butter?

How often you use body butter really depends on your skin type and level of dryness. For most people with dry skin, applying it once daily, often after showering, is enough to maintain hydration. Those with very dry or rough skin may benefit from using it twice daily, especially on areas like the hands, feet, elbows, or knees. During colder months, when the air tends to be drier, many patients find that using body butter more regularly helps keep their skin comfortable. The key is consistency. Regular use can help support the skin barrier and prevent dryness from developing in the first place.

How to Hydrate and Moisturize a Dry Scalp | As Seen in Glamour

A dry scalp is often a sign that your skin barrier needs extra support, but simple changes can make a big difference. From gentle shampoos and scalp treatments to natural oils and proper hydration, Dr. Alexandra Bowles shares some expert tips help restore moisture and comfort for healthier hair and scalp, as seen in Glamour.

How can you hydrate your scalp?

A dry scalp is often a sign that your skin barrier needs a little extra support, and there are several simple steps that can make a big difference. I usually recommend starting with a gentle, hydrating shampoo. Look for one with calming ingredients like aloe, glycerin, or oat extract to help soothe irritation while moisturizing the scalp. Avoid washing with hot water, as it can strip your scalp of its natural oils. Instead, opt for lukewarm water to cleanse effectively without over-drying.

Scalp exfoliation is another great step. Massaging with your fingertips or using a soft brush once or twice a week can help remove dead skin so hydrating treatments can absorb more deeply. I also love scalp masks or serums with nourishing oils like jojoba or squalane. They provide targeted moisture right where it’s needed most. And don’t forget internal hydration. Drinking plenty of water and eating water-rich foods like cucumbers and watermelon can also help support scalp health from the inside out.

How do you get rid of dry scalp?

Getting rid of a dry scalp begins with taking a closer look at your hair care routine. I always tell my patients to pay attention to how their scalp feels between washes. If you’re washing too often or not often enough, it can throw off the scalp’s natural balance. Using a hydrating scalp treatment a few times a week can make a big difference. Especially when it includes ingredients like hyaluronic acid for moisture and niacinamide to help restore a healthy skin barrier. Be sure to choose shampoos that are sulfate-free and gentle, so they cleanse without stripping the scalp of its natural oils.

And while hot showers may feel comforting, washing with lukewarm water helps prevent further dryness or irritation. It’s also important to consider your environment and overall wellness. Also, support hydration from within by drinking plenty of water and incorporating omega-3s and vitamins A, B, and C into your diet.

Does conditioner moisturize your scalp?

Conditioner is primarily designed to hydrate and soften the hair shaft, not the scalp itself. That said, some conditioners with nourishing ingredients like glycerin, panthenol, or aloe can provide light moisture to the scalp if gently massaged in. However, it’s important to choose formulas that are non-comedogenic and free of heavy silicones or fragrances. I usually recommend focusing conditioner on the mid-lengths and ends of the hair. But if the scalp is feeling particularly dry, a light, scalp-safe conditioner can offer temporary relief. Just be sure to rinse thoroughly and follow with a targeted scalp treatment if deeper hydration is needed.

How do dermatologists moisturize the scalp?

As dermatologists, we look for evidence-based solutions that address both the cause and the symptoms of dryness. Depending on what’s going on, whether it’s seasonal dryness, eczema, or product-related irritation, we may recommend other treatments. These can include medicated shampoos, topical corticosteroids, or hydrating serums with ingredients like hyaluronic acid or ceramides. For more routine dryness, I often suggest lightweight scalp oils or leave-in treatments that restore moisture without clogging follicles. We also focus on preserving the scalp’s barrier by avoiding harsh products and encouraging regular, gentle exfoliation. Every scalp is different, so our approach is always tailored to the patient’s specific needs and skin types.

How can you moisturize the scalp naturally?

There are several gentle, natural ways to support scalp moisture that I often recommend to patients who prefer a more holistic approach. Natural oils, such as jojoba, coconut, or argan, can be massaged into the scalp to help lock in hydration. Just make sure to patch-test first and wash thoroughly to avoid buildup. Aloe vera is another great option, especially for soothing dry, irritated areas. Staying well-hydrated and eating a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids can also support scalp health from the inside out. And don’t forget: consistency is key. Natural remedies work best when used regularly and paired with a gentle, non-stripping haircare routine.

What causes a dry or irritated scalp?

A dry or irritated scalp can come from a number of different sources, and often, it’s a mix of factors working together. Things like over-washing, product buildup, or using shampoos that are too harsh can strip away the scalp’s natural oils and throw off its balance. Cold weather, indoor heating, or excessive sun exposure can also cause moisture loss from the scalp, leaving it dry and uncomfortable. I also remind my patients that hydration and nutrition play a role. When your body’s dehydrated or missing key nutrients, your scalp can be one of the first places it shows. Some people are simply more prone to dryness due to genetic factors or underlying conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. If the dryness persists or becomes uncomfortable, it’s a good idea to see a board-certified dermatologist who can help pinpoint the cause and guide you toward the right treatment.

Does hair texture and type impact scalp dryness?

Yes, your hair texture and type can absolutely influence how dry your scalp feels. For example, curly and coily hair types tend to be drier overall because natural oils from the scalp have a harder time traveling down the hair shaft. People with finer or straighter hair may notice dryness more quickly if they’re over-washing or using products that strip the scalp. I always remind patients that their hair and scalp require a routine tailored to their unique biology. There’s no one-size-fits-all approach. Paying attention to how your scalp feels between washes is a helpful first step.

Do certain products impact scalp dryness?

Yes, and sometimes it’s the products we use every day that quietly contribute to scalp issues. Harsh shampoos with sulfates or alcohol-based styling products can strip the scalp of its natural oils, leading to dryness and irritation. Even using the wrong shampoo for your hair type can throw off your scalp’s balance. I encourage patients to read labels and look for words like “hydrating,” “soothing,” or “moisture-replenishing.” A gentle, balanced product can make a big difference in how your scalp feels.

What are some product recommendations that help to moisturize the scalp?

There are several products I often recommend for hydrating the scalp. Look for serums or treatments that contain ingredients like hyaluronic acid, aloe vera, or niacinamide. These support both moisture and a healthy scalp barrier. Brands like Nécessaire ($45), Philip Kingsley Density Preserving Serum ($67), and Living Proof Dry Scalp Treatment ($38) all offer well-formulated scalp treatments that are gentle yet effective. If you’re experiencing ongoing dryness, a scalp-specific mask like Yobee Restorative Scalp Mask ($42) or SheaMoisture Pre-Wash Masque ($10), used once a week, can also help rebalance things. And as always, choosing a moisturizing shampoo without sulfates is a great foundation for healthy scalp care.