How to Treat Foot and Toenail Fungus | As Seen in HuffPost
Foot and toenail fungus can be tricky to get rid of, especially when the infection thrives in moist areas like our shoes and skin. Listen to Dr. Alexandra Bowles give us some insight on why these infections happen and how to treat them. Be sure to check out the full article in HuffPost!
What can cause the formation and persistence of foot and toenail fungus? Are there different kinds?
Foot and toenail fungus develops when fungi, such as dermatophytes, molds, or yeast, feed on keratin in nails and outer skin layers. They often thrive in the warm, damp environment of our shoes and skin. These infections can linger because fungal spores remain in footwear or on surfaces, ready to regrow when conditions allow. Some people are genetically more prone to chronic fungus since their immune system doesn’t recognize it as harmful, making reinfections common. The most frequent nail infection is onychomycosis, while skin infections often fall under athlete’s foot (tinea pedis). Athlete’s foot has four variations: toe web type, moccasin type, vesicular type, and the rare ulcerative type. The toe web type is most common between the toes, and moccasin type causes thickened, cracked skin on the soles and heels. The vesicular type often includes itchy, fluid-filled blisters, and the ulcerative type is marked by painful open sores. Children tend to fight these organisms off more effectively, while adults, especially those with diabetes or circulation problems, struggle with recurrence. Together, these conditions are frustrating but manageable with proper diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
When it comes to products aimed at treating fungus, are there some key ingredients that people should look for? How do these products work?
When treating toenail or foot fungus, it’s important to know which ingredients actually target the infection and which simply improve nail appearance. True antifungals like clotrimazole work by stopping fungal growth at the source, making them great over-the-counter options for mild infections. Other ingredients such as urea, lactic acid, and salicylic acid don’t kill fungus directly but help by softening or thinning thickened nails, allowing antifungal agents to penetrate more effectively. Hydrating agents like propylene glycol can also keep nails flexible and reduce brittleness. Some people explore natural options like tea tree oil, menthol, or vinegar soaks, which may offer mild relief, but are less reliable than medications. The bottom line is to use products that contain both antifungal ingredients and support nail health. This will give you the best chance of managing symptoms while addressing the underlying infection.
Can you recommend the best products to treat and prevent foot and toenail fungus? Any specific socks, foot powders, nail treatments, shoes?
For patients dealing with toenail or foot fungus, I usually suggest a few reliable products that work best when combined into a routine. Tolnafate or other clotrimazole-based solutions help target the fungus directly. These products can be applied daily to the nail and surrounding skin. Antifungal foot powders are a great way to reduce foot moisture and stop fungal growth. You can also try moisture-wicking socks made from merino wool or synthetic blends, which can prevent sweat from lingering. I also recommend choosing breathable shoes, like sneakers with mesh uppers. It’s also a good idea to rotate your daily shoes so they have time to air out between wears. For an extra layer of prevention, some patients benefit from UV shoe sanitizers, which help kill fungus and bacteria inside footwear. When used together, these products not only treat fungal infections but also create an environment where fungus is far less likely to thrive.
Are there any other tips you can give us for dealing with foot and toenail fungus?
Toenail and foot fungus can be stubborn, so patience and consistency are key when treating them. Even with the right products, it often takes several weeks or months to see noticeable improvement because nails grow slowly. Preventive habits are just as important as treatment itself. Take care of your feet by keeping them clean and dry, trimming nails regularly, and wearing breathable socks and shoes. Be sure to avoid walking barefoot in communal areas where fungi can thrive. If you have persistent infections, pain, or an underlying health condition like diabetes, I strongly recommend seeing a doctor or podiatrist for more targeted care.